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Dietary fish oil supplementation induces
several biochemical changes and reduces symptoms in chronic RA. This has been
supported by both experimental and clinical evidence that prove dietary fish oil
supplementation modulates inflammatory and immune reactions. Many studies have
even shown beneficial, although modest, effects in the treatment of RA. Despite
substantial evidence from clinical trials, a compelling mechanism, and absence
of side effects, fish oil has not been universally accepted as use in treatment
of RA. This may be due to many health care providers remaining uninformed of
the biochemistry, therapeutic effects, formulations, principles of application,
and complementary dietary modifications.
Some important facts need to be kept in
mind when considering fish oil supplementation. Since the anti-inflammatory
effects depend on a delicate balance between Ω-3 and Ω-6 FA, the relative
proportion of EPA and DHA, as well as possible co-treatment with vitamin E, the
dose/effect ration may vary between individuals. Some animal studies used very
high doses and may not be suitable for human consumption. It must also be kept
in mind that several weeks are needed to induce a response. Despite these
considerations, critically ill patients have seen striking therapeutic
improvement; and therefore, fish oil supplementation seems worthwhile in
inflammatory diseases such as RA.
Perhaps future research efforts should
assess effect, tolerance, side effects, and the effect in combination with
standard therapy in long term studies with different dosages of Ω-3 PUFA in patients with
RA. |
