Glossary

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By Kristi NewMyer, MD

Updated by Sonya Tran

 

Table of Contents
Glossary
Endometriosis
Alternative Therapies
Scientific Review
Danger-Precaution
Candida Connection
Medical Treatment
References

 

 

Acupuncture -Puncture with long, thin needles.  An ancient Oriental system of therapy.

Antigen-Any substance that, as a result of coming in contact with appropriate cells, induces a state of sensitivity and/or immune responsiveness after a latent period and which reacts in a demonstrable way with antibodies and/or immune cells of the sensitized subject in vivo or in vitro.

Candida albicans-a species ordinarily a part of humans' normal gastrointestinal flora, but which becomes pathogenic when there is a disturbance in the balance of flora or in debilitation of the host from other causes; resulting disease states may vary from limited to generalized cutaneous or mucocutaneous infections, to severe and fatal systemic disease including endocarditis, septicemia, and meningitis.

ch'i-or qi, stems from Traditional Chinese Medicine, and is based on the principle of life force. This life force flows through the body via 14 invisible channels, or meridians.  A vital component of this life force is the yin and yang; in order for balance to occur, the yin and yang must be kept in harmony with one another.  It is the animating force that gives us our capacity to move, think, feel, and work.

Chiropractic-The system that in theory uses the recuperative powers of the body and the relationship between the musculoskeletal structures and functions of the body, particularly of the spinal column and the nervous systems, in the restoration and maintenance of health.

coagulation-clotting

cortisone-hormone not normally secreted in significant quantities by the human adrenal cortex; it acts upon carbohydrate metabolism and influences the nutrition and growth of connective tissues.

DHEA(dehydro-3-epiandrosterone)-
a weakly androgenic steroid secreted by the adrenal cortex, and testes in males; it is a precursor of testosterone.

deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-
a type of nucleic acid containing deoxyribose as its sugar component, and found predominantly in the nuclei and mitochondria of cells; autoreproducing component of chromosomes; repository of hereditary characteristics.

diuretic-promoting the excretion of urine; an agent that increases the amount of urine excretion.

dopaminergic-relating to nerve cells of fibers that employ dopamine as their neurotransmitter.

dysmenorrhea
-difficult and painful menstruation

dyspareunia- occurrence of pain during sexual intercourse

endometrioma-circumscribed mass of ectopic endometrial tissue in endometriosis

endometrium-the mucous membrane comprising the inner layer of the uterine wall

follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)-
a glycoprotein hormone of the anterior pituitary that stimulates the graafian follicles of the ovary and assists subsequently in follicular maturation and the secretion of estradiol.

hirsuitism-presence of excessive bodily and facial hair.

histamine-a powerful stimulant of gastric secretion, a constrictor of bronchial smooth muscle and a vasodilator (capillaries and arterioles) that causes a fall in blood pressure; a substance liberated in the skin as a result of injury.

homeopathy-a system of therapy developed by Samuel Hahnemann based on the "law of similia" from the aphorism, similia similibus curantur (likes are cured by likes).  Holds that a medicinal substance that can evoke certain symptoms in healthy individuals may be effective in the treatment of illnesses having symptoms closely resembling those produced by the substances.

hysterectomy-
removal of the uterus

iridology
-a system of medicine based on an examination of the iris, using a chart on which certain area of the iris are diagnostically specific for particular organs, systems, and structures.

laparoscopy-examination of the contents of the peritoneum with a laparoscope passed through the abdominal wall.

laparotomy-incision into the loin, or abdomen.

LH- luteinizing hormone; a glycoprotein hormone that stimulates the final ripening of the follicles in the ovary and the secretion of progesterone by them, their rupture to release the egg, and the conversion of the ruptured follicle into the corpus luteum.

menorrhagia-excessively prolonged or profuse menses.

menometorrhagia-irregular or excessive bleeding during menstruation and between menstruation periods.

myometrium-the muscular wall of the uterus

ovulation-release of ovum, or egg, from the ovarian follicle

peritoneum-the serous sac that lines the abdominal cavity and covers most of the organs contained within.

pleural cavity-the space within the chest that contains the lungs

pneumothorax-the presence of air or gas in the pleural cavity

prolactin-a protein hormone of the anterior pituitary that stimulates the secretion of milk

retrograde menstruation-flow of menstrual blood back through the fallopian tubes; it sometimes carries with it endometrial cells

ribonucleic acid (RNA)-a macromolecule consisting of ribonucleoside residues connected by phosphate from the 3'-hydroxyl of one to the 5'-hydroxl of the next nucleoside.  RNA is found in all cells, in both nuclei and cytoplasm.

testosterone-the most potent, naturally occurring androgen hormone, formed in greatest quantities by the interstitial cells of the testes, possibly secreted also by the ovary and adrenal cortex

Traditional Chinese Medicine-A medical system that has been around for twenty-three centuries.  Its strategy is to restore harmony between the yin and yang.  This tradition holds that health exists when qi (ch'i), Moisture, and Blood flow smoothly; illness is a consequence of depletion or congestion of these three elements.  Treatment modalities can include any and all of the following: Acupuncture, herbal remedies, diet, massage, and exercise.