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Ginkgo extracts contain a large number of active ingredients. The extracts most commonly tested contain ginkgoflavone gycosides, terpene trilactones, and ginkgolic acids. The flavone gycoside component of EGb 761 is believed to act as an antioxidant and mild inhibitor of platelet aggregation. Terpene lactones are thought to be neuroprotective because they increase glucose and oxygen utilization, improve perfusion, and generally stimulate cognitive function. Ginkgo is believed to increase the flow of blood through arteries and veins in various tissues. Some clinical studies have shown that ginkgo extracts improve overall functioning in patients with peripheral artery disease and claudication (pain in calf muscles that people with narrowed or blocked arteries get when walking). Other studies have shown that ginkgo has antioxidant properties that may minimize damage from free radicals. |